A dog may skip a meal for benign reasons, but a sustained loss of appetite or refusal to drink needs veterinary attention. Common causes include stress from moving, new pets, loud construction, or routine changes; mild stomach upset after dietary indiscretion; and pain or nausea from illness. Dental disease and broken teeth are frequent culprits in small breeds: chewing may hurt, so the dog eats less or favors soft food.

Systemic illness such as kidney disease, liver problems, infections, pancreatitis, or foreign body obstruction can all reduce appetite. Medications, recent vaccination reactions, and heat can also play a role. Puppies and toy breeds are at higher risk if they go long without food because of hypoglycemia.

Watch for red flags: vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, weight loss, bloated abdomen, drooling, pawing at the mouth, fever, or pain. Offer familiar food in a quiet place and ensure fresh water. Do not force-feed without guidance.

If appetite does not return within twenty-four hours in an adult dog, or sooner in a puppy, senior, or dog with chronic disease, schedule a vet visit. Your veterinarian may examine the mouth, palpate the abdomen, and recommend blood work or imaging based on findings.

This overview is educational; diagnosis requires an in-person exam.