Signs include pale gums, lethargy, rapid breathing, and weakness. Anemia can result from blood loss (trauma, parasites), red blood cell destruction (immune-mediated disease, toxins), or decreased production (chronic kidney disease, bone marrow disorders). Diagnosis involves a complete blood count and may require additional tests to find the underlying cause. Treatment ranges from parasite control and dietary support to blood transfusions in severe cases. Flea and tick prevention is a simple step that helps prevent parasitic anemia in dogs and cats.